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-、战略、外交和文化因素。毫无疑问，最重要的经济因素是经济重要性。经济利益攸关中美关系。2001年，两国贸易额达到804亿美元，比前一年增长了8.1%。受中国市场的刺激，2001年美国对中国的投资总额为48.58亿美元，累计投资355.48亿美元。自许多在中国投资的美国公司以来，跨国公司、任何不使用经济关系的波动都会影响全球金融体系，

从战略上来说，中国和美国有共同的利益。朝鲜需要中国的支持，中国的影响和朝鲜的不扩散问题。美国也需要中国的合作来打击恐怖主义。在台湾问题上，中国要求美国遵守中美联合公报并奉行一个中国的政策。

从外交上来说，相互信任的外交政策的重要性在很大程度上形成了两者之间的分歧和困难。在另一方面，通过定义中国的竞争对手泰国战略合作伙伴，美国管理机构指示不支持关键位置信息策略。然而，在中国的外交政策中，美国在经济和战略上都很重要，尤其是在处理日益恶化的问题时。

道义上的不一致解释了为什么美国的态度是消极的。因此，学习美国文化和精神的理论对于解决与美国的政治和外交关系是必要的。

国内政治显示中美关系。在过去的几十年里，随着人口的增加，包括非洲人、拉丁美洲人和亚洲人在内的越来越多的人已经开始享受政治、社会和文化生活。多元文化主义增强了少数民族的政治权力，并加剧了我们与少数民族之间的经济冲突。因此，保守主义者希望加强对主流文化的影响，即价值观和对多元文化增长的态度

ism.Recently,Asian,especiallyChineseAmericanshavebecomeanewlyemergentforceincomputer,educational,scientificandtechnologicalfieldsintheUnitedStates.TheriseofChineseAmericansmayarouseantipathyandjealousyofracists,conservativesandotherminorities,whichhasbeenseenintheWenHoLee“Spy”Case.Inaddition,aftertheSept.11terroristattacks,theWhiteHousereexamineditsopening-up,adoptedtougherimmigrationpolicies,andsaiditwouldrestrictthegrantingofimmigrantvisas.ThistendencyofconservatismmayplayanegativeroleintheSino-USculturalexchanges.

Onthecontrary,inChina,intellectualsaswellasyoungpeopleholdagoodopinionoftheUnitedStates.Asurveyindicatesthat87percentofChineseyoungstersregardUSasarichandpowerfulcountry,and74.3percentareimpressedbythecolorfulculturalandentertainmentlifeinAmerica.AccordingtoapollmadeinBeijing,ShanghaiandGuangzhouinSeptember,1997,some58percentofthosepollednursedquiteafavorableimpressionoftheUSingeneral;27.1percentthoughtthatbythenUSwasChina’sinternationalfriend;whileonly13percentdescribedChina-UStiesashostile.InasurveyconductedinBeijing,Shanghai,Guangzhou,WuhanandHarbinonfirstimpressionsoftheUnitedStates,40.4percentoftheintervieweesbroughtupthewealthoftheUSanditsstandingasasuperpower,7.5percentreflectedonsuchsocialproblemsintheUnitedStatesasdrugaddiction,unemploymentandhomelessness,5percentmentionedMotorola,CocaCola,IBM,theSiliconValleyandotherhigh-techandbrandedproducts.Ofallcountriesreferredtointheinterview,peopleweremostimpressedbytheUnitedStatesandlisteditastherichestandmostpowerfulcountryintheworld.Inaddition,theUShasbeenthefirstpreferenceamongChinesepeopleasaplacetovisit,traveltoandsendtheirchildrentostudyin.

However,afterChina-USIPR(intellectualpropertyrights),MFN(MostFavoredNationsstatus)andWTO(WorldTradeOrganization)negotiations,especiallyafterthemissileattackontheChineseEmbassyinBelgradein1999andtheAir-CollisionIncidentlastyear,ananti-AmericafeelingisgrowingamongChineseyoungpeoplewhoareratherwesternizedbothintheirwearingandthinking.ThisisasignaltotheAmericanpolicy-makers:WhendealingwithUS-Chinarelations,theyneedtofullyconsidertraditionalChinesecultureandnationalfeelingssinceChinesepeoplewhoarecultivatedbytheirdistinctivelyface-savingculturevaluemutualrespectgreatly.

TohandletheSino-USrelationshipappropriately,bothsidesshouldrealizethenecessitytofurtherunderstandingandrespectforeachother’scultures,which,unfortunately,oftenhasbeenneglected.

TheoriginsofAmericanculturelieinacombinationofPuritanism,liberalism,individualismandrepublicanism.Reflectedinpolitics,Americanculturetakestheformofhegemonismwithastrongreligiousflavorandlabeledbyitsself-definedfreedom,democracyandhumanrightsstandard.TheculturalreasonforAmericanpeople’sconceitandauthoritativenessliesintheso-called“Americaexception”derivedfromtheAmericanpoliticalculture.BeginningwiththeoriginalimmigratingPuritans,Americanshaveregardedthemselvesasthechosenpeople,superiortoanyotherpeoplesintheworld.Meanwhile,infreeandopenAmerica,thereisnoroomforthestrictconsensussystemcharacteristicoftraditionalsocieties.Therefore,withoutaunifiedattitudeandconsistentaccountinallfieldsofitspoliticalculture,discordantvoicescanbeheardfromtimetotimeinAmericansociety,whichisunimaginableandalmostimpossibleinChina.

TheessenceofChinesecultureisfamilyaffectionandattachment.AnyindividualbehaviordamagingnationaldignityandgrouphonorisnotencouragedinChinesesocietythatthinkshighlyofcollectivebenefitsandreputation,whichisbeyondtheunderstandingofAmericanpeople.

Inadditiontotheculturaldifferencesbetweenthetwonations,wealsoneedtorealizetheinherentdiscrepanciesinAmericanculturethatinfluenceAmericanpoliticsandforeignpoliciesfrequently.Ontheonehand,intermsofPuritanism,oneoftheoriginsoftheAmericanculture,sincetheearliestPuritanscametotheNewWorldduetothereligiouspersecutionstheysufferedinEngland,thefreedomandrightforindividualstopursuewelfarehaveoccupiedaspecialpositioninPuritanism.Naturally,Puritansharborreligiousfervorforhumanrights.Ontheother,theprotractedexistenceofracialdiscriminationandsegregationdidnotchangeuntilaftertheCivilRightsmovementduringthe1950sand1960s.Eventoday,thedeep-rootedbarrierbetweenwhitesandminoritiesisstillhardtoberemovedcompletelyintheUnitedStates.TheculturalcontradictionsarethesourceofAmerica’sdoublestandardsonthehumanrightsissue.

TheaggressiveAmericanculturewithashorthistoryofalittlemorethan200yearsisbuiltonthebasisofindividualismandliberalism,whiletheintroversiveChineseculturewitha5000years’traditionlaysstressoncollectivismandculturalconsensusattheexpenseofindividualvoices.Obviously,theessencesofthesetwoculturesarecontradictory.ThisculturalcontradictionisthemainreasonfortheconstantSino-USclashes.Nevertheless,mutualco